Reverse osmosis water treatment equipment

反渗透原理

反渗透是一种利用选择性膜的选择透过功能，以膜两侧压力差为动力的膜分离技术。当系统所加的压力大于溶液的渗透压时，水分子会不断地透过膜迁移至膜的淡水侧，并通过收集管流至淡水出口。本设备选用优质复合反渗透膜，能连续去除水中绝大部分无机物和有机物，从而达到净化的目的。

反渗透器结构、各部件、作用及使用维护保养注意事项

反渗透装置由反渗透膜元件、膜壳，并配有高压泵、电导率仪、浓水清洗阀门、低压保护开关等组成。它们的主要功能如下：

1、保安过滤及滤芯

保安过滤器是在原水进入膜以前的最后一道过滤装置，它可以有效去除前处理系统未去除的大于5um的物质，可以截留由前处理系统流失的滤料如活性碳粉末等，从而有效保护反渗透膜不受或少受污染。

2、进水电磁阀

进水电磁阀承压范围为0-1.0Mpa，其主要作用是在设备停机时自动切断原水和膜之间的管路，使水不会流入膜管内造成污染。

3、高压泵

高压泵采用立式多级离心高压泵，这是反渗透主机的一个重要组件，它的作用是给反渗透膜输送一定流量一定压力的水源。使用中应保证泵不得空转，不得长期超负荷运行，经常按要求排除空气，应保证电器部分的干燥。

4、浓水清洗阀门

低压冲洗膜表面时，使水由冷门排放。

5、低压保护开关：防止系统压力过低，损坏设备。

6、高压保护开关（可选配）：防止系统压力过高，损坏设备。

7、反渗透膜壳

反渗透器采用的是不锈钢4040膜壳/玻璃钢8040膜壳。安装两端的端头时，应在橡胶0型圈上涂一层凡士林，这样一来既方便拆卸又可增加密封性，维修时应谨防损坏密封圈。

8、反渗透膜

反渗透膜是反渗透主机的关键部件，对设备的产水量和品质起着决定性的作用，根据原水水质的不同的纯水要求的差异而选择。

9、电导率仪（TDS仪）

其主要作用是显示设备运行时产水的电导率（TDS）情况，其功能和操作详见操作说明。

10、紫外线灭菌灯（可选配）

用于杀灭系统中可能残留的细菌，一般应用于食品行业的灭菌处理。

Reverse osmosis principle

Reverse osmosis is a membrane separation technology that utilizes the selective permeation function of selective membranes and is driven by the pressure difference on both sides of the membrane. When the pressure applied by the system is greater than the osmotic pressure of the solution, water molecules will continuously migrate through the membrane to the freshwater side of the membrane and flow to the freshwater outlet through the collection pipe. This equipment uses high-quality composite reverse osmosis membranes, which can continuously remove the vast majority of inorganic and organic substances in water, thereby achieving the goal of purification.

Structure, components, functions, and maintenance precautions for reverse osmosis equipment

The reverse osmosis device consists of reverse osmosis membrane components, membrane shell, and is equipped with a high-pressure pump, conductivity meter, concentrated water cleaning valve, low-pressure protection switch, etc. Their main functions are as follows:

1. Security filtration and filter element

The security filter is the last filtration device before the raw water enters the membrane. It can effectively remove substances larger than 5um that have not been removed by the pre-treatment system, intercept filter materials such as activated carbon powder lost by the pre-treatment system, and effectively protect the reverse osmosis membrane from or less pollution.

2. Inlet solenoid valve

The pressure range of the inlet solenoid valve is 0-1.0Mpa. Its main function is to automatically cut off the pipeline between the raw water and the membrane during equipment shutdown, so that water will not flow into the membrane tube and cause pollution.

3. High pressure pump

The high-pressure pump adopts a vertical multi-stage centrifugal high-pressure pump, which is an important component of the reverse osmosis host. Its function is to deliver a certain flow rate and pressure of water to the reverse osmosis membrane. During use, it should be ensured that the pump does not idle or operate under long-term overload. Air should be regularly discharged according to requirements, and the electrical components should be kept dry.

4. Concentrated water cleaning valve

When flushing the surface of the membrane under low pressure, discharge the water from the cold door.

5. Low voltage protection switch: to prevent system pressure from being too low and damaging equipment.

6. High voltage protection switch (optional): prevents system pressure from being too high and damaging equipment.

7. Reverse osmosis membrane shell

The reverse osmosis device uses stainless steel 4040 membrane shell/fiberglass 8040 membrane shell. When installing the ends at both ends, a layer of Vaseline should be applied to the rubber O-ring, which is convenient for disassembly and can increase sealing. When repairing, be careful not to damage the sealing ring.

8. Reverse osmosis membrane

The reverse osmosis membrane is a key component of the reverse osmosis host, playing a decisive role in the water production and quality of the equipment. It is selected based on the differences in pure water requirements for different raw water quality.

9. Conductivity meter (TDS meter)

Its main function is to display the conductivity (TDS) of the produced water during equipment operation. Its function and operation are detailed in the operating instructions.

10. UV sterilization lamp (optional)

Used to kill bacteria that may remain in the system, it is generally used for sterilization treatment in the food industry.